Dangdut is one of the art genres of music that developed in Indonesia. This musical form rooted in the Malay music in the 1940s. In the evolution towards contemporary forms are now entering the influence of Indian music elements (mainly from the use of tabla) and Arabic (the crooked and harmonization). Changes in Indonesia's political currents in the late 1960s opened the entry of the strong influence of western music with the inclusion of the use of electric guitar and also a form of marketing. Since the 1970s dangdut be said to have been cooked in a contemporary form. As popular music, dangdut very open to influences of other musical forms, ranging from keroncong, style, gamelan, harp, rock, pop, and even house music.
Origin of the term
Mention the name "dangdut" is a sound game onomatope of tabla (drum called dangdut in the world of course) the music of India. Putu Wijaya was originally called the Tempo magazine issue of May 27, 1972 that the song Puppet from India is a mixture of Malay songs, rhythm of the desert, and "ding-dang-dut" India. This title then condensed into a "dangdut" only, and by the magazine used to call the form of Malay songs that are affected by the song of India.
From Malay music to Dangdut
Contemporary dangdut has been different from its roots, Malay music, although people can still feel his touch.
Malay Orchestra (commonly abbreviated OM, which is still frequently used term for a group of dangdut music) the original use of musical instruments like acoustic guitar, accordion, tambourine, harp, and flute, and even a gong. In the 1950s and 1960s, many developing-orchestra in Jakarta Malay orchestra that plays songs from Sumatra Deli Malay (around Medan). At this time the experiment began to enter the entry of Indian elements in the Malay music. The development of world cinema in those days and anti-Western politics of President Sukarno becomes fertilizer for these groups. From this period may be noted the names such as P. Ramlee (from Malaya), Said Effendi (with the song Lotus), Indoku (the style of the stage as dancers of India, the creator of India Puppet), Husein Bawafie (one of Lamentations Stepchildren songwriter), Munif Bahaswan (creator Expenses Asmara), and M. Mashabi (creator of the film score "Lamentations Stepchildren" is very popular in the 1970's).
Musical style of this period still survive until the 1970s, although at that time also been major changes in the Malay music scene that was driven by Sonnet Group leader Rhoma Irama. Some names from the 1970's that can be called is Mansyur S., Ida Laila, A. Rafiq, and Muchsin Alatas. Malay popular music can be seen from the release of some Malay pop album by pop group Koes Plus in his prime.
Drum or tabla, one of the main instruments dangdut.
Modern dangdut, which evolved in the early 1970s in line with Indonesia's political culture that is friendly to the West, include musical instruments such as the Western modern electric guitar, electric organ, percussion, trumpet, saxophone, oboe, and others to increase the variation creativity as a musician and land-musicians. Mandolin is also entered as an important element. Effect of rock (especially the guitar) is very thick felt on dangdut music. The 1970s were the scene of 'battle' for dangdut music and rock music in seizing the Indonesian music market, up to a concert ever held 'duel' between Sonnet Group and God Bless. Practically from the time of this Malay music has changed, including the pattern of musical business.
In the latter half of the 1970s is also developing variations "dangdut humor" that was driven by the OM-ray emission is petromaks (PSP). This orchestra, which departs from the style of music melayu deli, helping dangdut dissemination among the students. This subgenre forwarded, for example, by OM Introduction Drinking Poison (PMR) and, in the early 2000's, the Youth Orchestra Hope Nation (PHB).
Building songs
Although dangdut songs can accept a variety of other musical elements easily, building mostly very conservative dangdut songs, mostly composed of units of eight bars 4/4. Rarely found dangdut songs with time signatures 3 / 4, except on a few songs during the 1960s such as Nuri Bird and Lotus. Dangdut also poor improvisation, both melody and harmony. As background music dance, dangdut rely heavily on tabla and syncopated beats.
Building form dangdut song in general is: A - A - B-A,
but in most applications have a sequence like this:
Intro - A - A - Interlude - B (Reffrain) - A - Interlude - B (Reffrain) - A
Intro can be vocal without accompaniment or a game of flutes, the rest is play guitar or mandolin. The length can reach eight-bar intro.
The initial part is composed of eight bars, with or without repetition. If there is repetition, can be interrupted by a row pause the game (interlude). This section is usually lyrical introduction to the content of the song, the situation faced by the singer.
Dangdut standard has no chorus, but has a second part with a different melody building with the first part. Before entering the second part there is usually a pause twice eight bars with no lyrics (interlude). The second part is usually all of two times eight bars with no pause was interrupted by a single line of lyrics. At the end of the second part is sometimes found along the four-bar coda. The second part contains the lyrics are usually a consequence of the situation described the first part or the singer's actions taken to address the situation.
After the second part, the song is repeated full from beginning to end. Dangdut song ends on the first repetition. Rarely dangdut song ends with a fade away.
Interaction with other music
Dangdut is very elastic in the face and affects other forms of music. Western songs popular in the 1960s and 1970s many didangdutkan. Lute music genres and kasidah slowly drifting in the current way of dangdut music. The same thing happens in music Tarling from Cirebon so that still exist at the moment is the form of mixtures: tarlingdut.
Rock, pop, disco, house bersenyawa well in dangdut music. The flow of a mixture of dangdut music & rock unofficially named Rockdut. The same happened with the music of the region such as jaipongan, gamelan, Tarling, keroncong, Java style (known as a musical form called congdut juice mixed, with the character Didi Kempot), or Zapin.
Easily dangdut receiving element 'foreign' makes it vulnerable to other forms of piracy, as is the case of the songs from Bollywood-style film and latin songs. Kopi Dangdut, for example, is "pirated" popular song from Venezuela.
Dangdut Indonesia in contemporary culture
Rhythm makes dangdut rhoma berdakwahnya tool, as seen from the lyrics of his songs as well as the issuance of the statement itself. This has become one of the triggers polemic in Indonesia in 2003, due to stage his protest against the style of dangdut singers, among other things Inul, who shake ngebor labeled decadent and "moral damage".
Much earlier, dangdut has also been invited debate and ended with a ban on the stage in a celebration dangdut Sekaten in Yogyakarta. The debate appears again and again due to the style of a stage singer (female) was considered too "open" and bad taste, so it does not fit with the mission Sekaten as a religious celebration.
Dangdut was agreed upon many circles as the music that carries the aspirations of lower class society with all its simplicity and kelugasannya. This characteristic is reflected in the lyrics of the song as well as buildings. Stage the sensational style is inseparable from this breath.
Political party's campaign platform is also no lag exploit the popularity of dangdut to attract the masses. Dangdut issue as a political tool also burst when Basofi Sudirman, at the time as Golkar functionaries, singing dangdut.
Although dangdut associated with the grassroots poor, not that popular dangdut only the lower classes. In any event entertainment, dangdut certainly participate enliven the situation. Dangdut stage can be easily found in various places. Entertainment venues and special disco dangdut songs play found in many large cities. The radio station broadcast that declared itself as "radio dangdut" is also easily found in various cities.
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